1. Gуnda (now Dwаrkаnаth Temple, Jаmnagar) stone inscription. Mixed dialect.

1881 Buфhler, IA X, p. 157 f.; 1890 corr. by Buфhler, Sitzungsber. Wien. Ak. wiss. Phil. Hist. Cl. Vol. CXXII. No. XI, p. 46, note 2; 1890 note by Bh. Indraji, JRAS 1890, p. 650 f.; 1895 PSIK, p. 21 f., No. 3, and Plate XVII; 1896 corr. by Bh. Indraji, BG I, Part I, p. 42; 1899 corr. by Rapson, JRAS 1899, p. 375, note 2; 1908 note by Rapson, CCAD p. LXI, No. 39; Luders list No 963; R. Banerji and V. S. Sukthankar-EI, XVI, No. 17.
Lu: -Records the digging of a tank (hrada ?) by the general (sеnаpati) Rudrabhуti, son of the general (sеnаpati) Bаpaka, the Аbhиra, at the village (grаma) of Rasоpadra. The inscription gives the following pedigree: rаjan mahаkшatrapa svаmi-Chaштana, his son rаjan kшatrapa svаmi-Jayadаman, his son rаjan mahаkшatrapa svаmi-Rudradаman, his son rаjan kшatrapa svаmi-Rudrasиha (Rudrasiмha).
-rаjго kшatrapasya svаmi-Rudrasиhasya varше triuttaraщatе 100 3 Vaiщаkhaщuddhapaмchamиdhanyatithau Rоhiнinakшatramuhуrtе.
(RB & VS): Gundа Inscription of the time of the Kшatrapa Rudrasiмha: the year 103.
The inscription was first edited, with a translation, in 1881, by Georg Buhler in Ind. Ant., Vol. X, pp. 157 f., from an eye-copy and a transcript prepared by Pandit Vallabhаchаrya Haridatta of Kaтhiаvаd and submitted to Buhler by Major Watson for publication. Nine years later Buhler published some corrections in Sitzungsber. Wien. Akad. Wiss., Phil. Hist. Kl., Vol. CXXII, No. XI, p. 46, note 2, which publication was unfortunately not accessible to the writers of this article. The posthumous papers of Bhagvanlal Indraji edited by Rapson in the JRAS., (1890) contain a short note (pp. 650 f.) on this inscription. In 1895 the text and a translation of this epigraph were republished in the Collection of Prakrit and Sanskrit Inscriptions, Bhavnagar, pp. 21 f., No. 3 and Plate XVII. In 1896 appeared in the Bombay Gazetteer, Vol. 1, Part 1, p. 42, some corrections proposed by Bhagvanlal Indraji himself in his earlier readings and interpretation; Bapson, in JRAS., 1899, p. 375, also published some fresh corrections. The Catalogue of the Coins of the Andhra Dynasty, etc. (1908), of Rapson includes (p. lxi) a short note on this record, which gives reference to the literature on the subject and briefly summarizes the contents of the inscription. In 1912 Prof. Luders in his List of Brаhmи Inscriptions (Appendix to Epigraphia Indica, Vol. X, No. 963) gave a complete bibliography of the inscription, a reading of the date [it cannot be said whether from the published facsimile or directly from an impression of the stone), and a summary of its contents. And finally, in 1915, Prof. D. B. Bhandarkar published some corrections of previous readings and interpretations in Prog, Rep. Arch. Surv. of India, W. Circle, 1914-15, p. 67.
The inscription was discovered in 1880 by Major Watson in an old unused well at Gundа in the Hаlаr District of North Kатhiаvад. It was subsequently removed to the temple of Dvаrakаnаtha at Jаmnagar, where, apparently, it was kept until its transference to the Watson Museum of Antiquities at Rаjkот.
The epigraph contains five lines of well-engraved writing, covering a space of about 2 ft. 2 in. in width by about 9 1/2 in. in height. The writing is, on the whole, in an excellent state of preservation; some isolated syllables here and there are, however, seriously damaged. The average size of such letters as n, m, p, and b is about 5/8".
The characters present an earlier form of the southern variety of the Gupta alphabet. The language of the inscription is a mixed dialect, and the whole is in prose.
There can be little doubt that the era to which the year in this inscription is to be referred is the Щaka era. Accordingly the inscription may be taken to be dated roughly in the year A.D. 181. It will be remembered that the evidence afforded by the dates and the legends on the coins of Rudrasiмha lead us to infer that he ruled first as Kшatrapa in the year 102-3, then as Mahа-Kшatrapa from 103 to 110, then again as Kшatrapa from 110 to 112, and lastly as Mahа-Kшatrapa from 113 to 118 (or 119). According to this scheme the present inscription must be taken to refer to the period when he was reigning as Kшatrapa for the first time. The earliest date we have for his reign is the year 102 on a coin belonging to the Cunningham collection.
The object of the inscription was to record the digging and constructing, at the village of Rasоpadra, of a well by the general (sеnаpati) Rudrabhуti, son of the general (sеnаpati) Bаpaka, the Аbhиra. The village of Rasоpadra, which is the only locality mentioned in this record, remains unidentified.

TEXT.(RB & VS)

1 Siddha[м] [||*] Rajго maha-kшatra[pas]ya svami-Chaштana-prapautrasya rаjго kшatrapasya svami-Jayadаma-pautrasya
2 (sya) rаj[го] maha-kшatrapasya sv[а]mi-Rudradаma-putrasya rаjго kшatrapasya svаmi-Rudra-
3 sиhasya [va]rше [tri]y-uttara-щatе 100 3 Vaiщаkha-щuddhе paмcham[i]-dha[t]tya-tithau Rо[hi]нi-nakшa-
4 tra-muhуrtt[е] Аbhиrенa sеnаpati-Bаpakasya putrенa sеnаpati-Rudrabh[у]tinа grаmе Rasо-
5 [pa]driyе vа[pи] [kha]ni[tо] [baмddh]аpitaщ=cha sarvva-satvаnам hita-sukh-аrtham=iti [||*]

Remarks on the Transcript.(RB & VS)
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From a set of estampages. Explanation of the abbreviations:-GB=Georg Buhler, Ind. Ant., Vol. X, p. 157; BI- Collection of Prakrit and Sanskrit Inscriptions, Bhavnagar, pp. 21 f.; L-Luders, List of Brаhmи Inscriptions, No. 963; DRB=D. R. Bhandarkar, Prog. Rep. Arch. Surv. of W. Circle, 1914-15, p. 67.
L. 1. GB and BI rаjго mahа- and svаmi-; but in our estampage the sign of length can be made out in none of these words.
L. 2. Over ma in maha, to its right, is to be noticed a slanting irregular depression, the nature and significance of which is uncertain. L., GB dvy-uttara-щatе sa 100 2, which is clearly inadmissible; BI and L tri-uttara-щatе, differing from our reading in the second syllable, which is, however, unmistakably yu and not u; on the other hand, it is uncertain whether the first syllable should be read as tri or tra. GB, BI and L -щuddha for щuddhе; but our estampage shows the sign of е quite distinctly. The estampage does not show any clear trace of the sign of the long и in paмchamи- as read by GB, BI and L. The projection on the left of the sign of cha is abnormal. GB, BI and L -dhanya- ; but an examination of the back of the estampage removes all doubt as to the correctness of our reading of the second syllable. Most probably we have to correct dhattya to dhanya; the former gives no sense. Mr. Banerji would read еttya regarding the latter as equivalent to asyаm, or еtasyаm, and cognate with the Pkt. еtiya found in Kuшan inscriptions. GB Щravaнa- for Rоhiнi-.
L. 5. GB padrе hradаrtthе, and BI padrе hradaх; L accepts the sense, adding hrada in brackets with a query. DRB speaks of Rasоpadriya and garta in giving the contents of the inscription. The syllable vа is quite clear in the estampage, especially on the back of it; dа or dо, which are made quite differently, are out of the question; cf. dа in -Jayadаma- in l.1, and -Rudradаma- in l. 2. The estampage will also show that the reading hra for the first doubtful syllable is utterly impossible. The anusvаra in baм- is well marked; but it is impossible to say with certainty whether we have to read -мndhа- or -мddhа-; the latter seems to us more probable.